The natural fireball
Ball lightning is a natural fireball phenomenon, occasionally observed during thunderstorm activity. The energy of a lightning bolt stored inside a little ball. They float through the air, preserving spherical shape and size, and radiating light but no heat. A plasma sphere. Apparently with a binding force keeping the plasma together. And with sufficient energy content for radiating light. After several seconds the ball disappears when the energy is running out. A key question concerns the origin of the binding force.
Long-lived ball lightning
Even rarer are observations of ball lightning with life span of one minute or even longer. Thus radiating light for a minute or more. This requires substantially more energy than the modal ball lightning lifetime of a few seconds. Another key question concerns the source of all that extra energy.
Ball lightning clarified
Physicists have struggled with this peculiar phenomenon for two centuries. Over the years, many different theoretical explanations were proposed. The Convectron model for ball lightning stands out by comprehensive detail and predictive power. Its solid underpinning exploits newly developed mathematics (by the inventor of the model), which has been recently published in a book by Springer. The model provides strict scaling laws that will guide the intended experimental validation. A network of string-like vortex threads spinning at high speed and arranged in vortex lattices, generates elementary binding forces as in the nuclei of atoms. These prevent expansive disintegration of the plasma sphere.
Nuclear fusion in the atmosphere
Acting as particle accelerator, the vortex strings accelerate co-rotating nuclei amply above the energy threshold for fusion reactions. As natural fuel for fusion, deuterium in moist air already releases more energy per litre than gasoline vapour can. This explains the source of the energy of long-lived ball lightning. An observation by Russian plasma chemist Dimitriev seems to confirm actual occurrence of this process in nature. Around a long-lived ball lightning he noticed a double halo with just the colours and widths that would be caused by the charged reaction products of the fusion reactions.
Ignition, positioning and scaling up
During early laser experiments at Philips Physics Laboratory in Eindhoven, some fifty years ago, unintended (and uncomprehended) atmospheric fireballs were produced. These were spontaneously ignited by high voltage over wire-based electrodes. Their winding pattern copies stacking of vortex patterns inside a Convectron fireball in left- and right-handed lattices. This insight forms the basis for a fundamentally new ignition method. The available design for the reactor vessel uses gas flow for positioning the plasma ball and providing it with fuel. Extra fuel injection will increase output power just as it does for combustion engines in cars. The Convectron reactor amounts to this: an electric natural phenomenon applied in a modest-size device with net energy output in continuous operation.
Too good to be true?
Thorough science underpins the Convectron model of the natural fireball and its nuclear fusion process. Small-scale devices accomplishing nuclear fusion in the laboratory are already in use. However, these have negative efficiency, more energy is needed to maintain the fusion reaction than the fusion process releases. With the phenomenon of ball lightning nature indicates a route to the small-scale Convectron nuclear fusion reactor, which actually does produce a net energy output. Incontestable proof by demonstration of a working prototype requires four years and an investment of forty million euro. On the one side this is trivial compared with the billions spent on fifty years of worldwide fusion research. But on the other side, and partly considering the relatively modest size of the required investments, the story nearly seems to be too good to be true. Thereby, but also in view of the major financial interests of the existing nuclear fusion research, and in addition because the "proof of concept" still has be provided, funding is not an easy matter.
Energy promise for our planet
A fusion reactor with net energy output will safeguard the energy future of our planet. Fuel for fusion is present everywhere in water, not subject to monopolies. Fuel extraction is simple and will cost next to nothing compared to oil and gas. As energy source inexhaustible by human standards, with zero emission of greenhouse gasses, and without the waste problems of nuclear fission.
Participate in this bold venture
The project will be carried out by a Dutch public limited company, Convectron Natural Fusion N.V. in Rotterdam. As financing of this promising but venturesome project is not straightforward, a kind of crowd financing approach has been chosen. The management endeavours this bold test program, and solicits public support for its funding. For this purpose, the company issues small participations to the public. By buying a participation you can support the project. Because of the small size of the participations, the risk is limited. With long-term profits as financial perspective at successful completion. But above all you will contribute to the development of a promising technology for the energy of the future.
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